Obstructive sleep apnea syndromes.
نویسندگان
چکیده
The first description of an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) sufferer is generally attributed to the novelist Charles Dickens, who described ‘‘Joe’’ in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, published in 1836. Joe was an excessively sleepy, obese boy who snored loudly and had possible right-sided heart failure that led to his being called ‘‘young dropsy’’ [1,2]. The first physician to describe the clinical features of OSA was Broadbent in 1877 [3]. Wells reported in 1898 curing several patients of sleepiness by treating their upper airway obstruction [3]. Burwell et al studied obese patients with somnolence, attributed their somnolence to hypercapnia, and coined the term ‘‘pickwickian’’ in 1956 [2,4]. In 1965, Gastaut et al [5] in France and Jung and Kuhlo [6] in Germany described sleep apnea and its associated polysomnographic findings. In 1972, in Rimini, Italy, Lugaresi and Sadoul organized the first international symposium on ‘‘Hypersomnia with Periodic Breathing,’’ mostly devoted to the dismemberment of the pickwickian syndrome, and reports, particularly by Coccagna et al, on hemodynamic changes associated with abnormal breathing during sleep. Guilleminault et al [7] reported the presence of sleep apnea in narcolepsy and insomnia at the 1972 Rimini meeting and characterized insomnia with sleep apnea as a new syndrome in 1973 [8]. Guilleminault et al coined the terms ‘‘sleep apnea syndrome’’ and ‘‘obstructive sleep apnea syndrome’’ in 1976 to emphasize the occurrence of this syndrome in nonobese patients. In the same year, they reported the existence of this syndrome in children. Completing the loop of hypersomnolence and insomnia and extending the spectrum of sleep apnea syndromes, in 1982 Guilleminault et al reported the
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Medical clinics of North America
دوره 88 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004